Interpretation of penal provision Interpretation of penal provision should be strict as literal rule of the interpretation of statutes. Literal Rule: It is also known as a plain reading rule. The primary focus is on the precise language of the statute. Courts should not extend the meaning of words beyond their ordinary or plain meaning….
An Overview of Reform on BNSS
An Overview of Reform on BNSS, 2023 IPC Vs. BNS Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 has 531 sections (In place of 484 Sections of Cr.P.C. 1973. A total of 177 provisions have been changed/modified in the Act, and nine new sections as well as 39 new sub-sections have been added to it. The Act has…
IPC Vs. BNS
S.NO BNS sections IPC Sections Particulars Applicability, definitions, and interpretation of the BNS Section 1 Sections 1 to 5 The applicability of BNS is mostly similar to the provisions of the IPC. Section 2 Sections 6 to 52A The BNS has consolidated and provided all the definitions for the terms used therein under…
Bhartiya Nyay Sanhita, 2023Bare Act(pdf)
Bhartiya Nyay Sanhita, 2023 Bare Act
Recognition of States and Governments in International Law
Recognition of States and Government in International Law Recognition is the process by which a new state becomes a member of the international community.To be called a state, an entity must possess the essential elements of the state such as population, territory, government and the ability to form relationships with other states. When the existence…
Sources of International Law
Sources of International Law The sources of international law refer to those methods and elements from which the rules of international law are derived.According to Stark, by the source of international law we mean the actual material that international jurists use to formulate the rules of international disputes.According to Edward Collins, by the sources of…
Basis of International Law
Basis of International Law Definitions and nature of international law There are two main opinions regarding the basis of international law- 1. Theory as to Nature Criticism of theory as to nature 2. Positivism The International Court of Justice has adopted an Positivism approach in relation to the customary rules of international law in a…
Definitions and nature of international law
Definition and nature of international law‘International law is the law regulating relations between states.The term international law was first used by the English jurist Jermy Bentham in his book ‘Principles of Morals and Legislation’, first published in 1789.Most traditional jurists have considered international law as the law that regulates the mutual relations of states and…
International Law – Relationship between international law and municipal law
Relationship between international law and municipal law Prepared by Law Expert Dr. Rekha Khandelwal International law applies to relations between states and other subjects of international law, while national state law, called municipal law, applies to individuals within the state and to corporate bodies that have rights and duties under it. Due to differences in…
Schools of Jurisprudence
Schools of Jurisprudence As we already discussed jurisprudence means knowledge of law and school means a collection of ideas that are based on the same fundamental principles. A school of thought is a group of principals recognized as authoritative and supported by one or more scholars from a given subject. Law has been defined in…